AP Psychology motivation and emotion study guide

What is intrinsic motivation?

Motivation driven by internal rewards and personal satisfaction.

Difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Intrinsic: internal satisfaction. Extrinsic: external rewards like money or praise.

True or false: Drive reduction theory explains motivation.

True, because it suggests motivation arises from biological needs.

Fill in the blank: Maslow's hierarchy includes 5 levels, starting with ____ needs.

Physiological needs.

What is the Yerkes-Dodson law?

It states optimal performance occurs at moderate arousal levels.

What motivates hunger according to the conflict theory?

Balance between homeostatic needs and psychological factors influences hunger.

What is the two-factor theory of emotion?

Emotion is based on physiological arousal and cognitive label of that arousal.

Difference between primary and secondary drives

Primary drives: biological needs (hunger). Secondary drives: learned (money).

What is the incentive theory?

Motivation is driven by external rewards or incentives.

True or false: Emotions are universal.

True, because basic emotions are recognized across cultures.

What is the James-Lange theory?

It proposes that physiological arousal precedes emotional experience.

Comparison: Emotion vs. Mood

Emotion: short-term, intense. Mood: longer-lasting, less intense.

Fill in the blank: The fight or flight response is activated by ____.

The sympathetic nervous system.

What are the six basic emotions?

Happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, disgust.

True or false: Emotions can influence decision-making.

True, because emotions affect cognitive processes and judgments.

Fill in the blank: Paul Ekman studied ____ emotions.

Facial expressions.

What is emotional intelligence?

The ability to recognize, understand, and manage emotions in oneself and others.