AP Biology biotechnology ethics flashcards

What is genetic engineering?

The direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.

True or false: Cloning is ethically accepted worldwide.

False, because ethical views on cloning vary significantly.

Difference between GMOs and traditional breeding.

GMOs involve direct gene modification; traditional breeding relies on natural selection.

Fill in the blank: CRISPR is a __________ technology.

gene-editing technology that allows precise alterations.

What is the main ethical concern of genetic testing?

Potential for discrimination based on genetic information.

True or false: Biotechnology can lead to food security.

True, because it can increase crop yields and resilience.

What does the term 'biopiracy' refer to?

The unauthorized use of biological resources or traditional knowledge.

Difference between somatic and germline gene therapy.

Somatic gene therapy affects non-reproductive cells; germline affects reproductive cells.

What is the precautionary principle?

A strategy to cope with possible risks of an action, especially in biotechnology.

Fill in the blank: Ethical review boards assess __________.

the ethical implications of research involving human subjects.

True or false: Gene patenting is universally accepted.

False, because it raises moral and legal debates.

What are biosafety regulations?

Measures to manage risks associated with biotechnology.

What is the main goal of synthetic biology?

To redesign organisms for useful purposes by engineering them at the molecular level.

True or false: All genetic modifications are considered safe.

False, because safety evaluations are essential.

Difference between eugenics and genetic engineering.

Eugenics promotes selective breeding for desired traits; genetic engineering directly modifies genes.

What is informed consent?

The process of obtaining permission before conducting a healthcare intervention.

What are the implications of designer babies?

Ethical concerns include social inequality and unforeseen health effects.

True or false: Biotechnology can help in disease eradication.

True, as it can improve vaccines and treatments.

Fill in the blank: The FDA regulates __________ biotechnology products.

biotechnology products to ensure safety and efficacy.

What is environmental impact assessment?

A process to evaluate the potential effects of a project on the environment.