Heart chambers and valves notes

What are the four chambers of the heart?

The four chambers are the left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, and right ventricle.

Function of the left atrium?

The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins.

Function of the left ventricle?

The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.

What does the right atrium do?

The right atrium collects deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.

Role of the right ventricle?

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.

What are heart valves?

Heart valves are structures that prevent backflow of blood, ensuring unidirectional flow.

Name the four main heart valves.

The four main valves are the mitral valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, and pulmonary valve.

What is the mitral valve's function?

The mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle.

True or false: The tricuspid valve has three flaps.

True, because it consists of three cusps that regulate blood flow into the right ventricle.

Difference between atrioventricular and semilunar valves?

Atrioventricular valves separate atria from ventricles; semilunar valves separate ventricles from arteries.

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.

The mitral valve prevents backflow into the left atrium.

What prevents valve prolapse?

Chordae tendineae and papillary muscles support valves to prevent prolapse during contraction.

What happens during valve stenosis?

Valve stenosis narrows the valve opening, restricting blood flow and increasing heart workload.

What is the function of the aortic valve?

The aortic valve allows blood to flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.

What does the pulmonary valve do?

The pulmonary valve regulates blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries.

What is a heart murmur?

A heart murmur is an abnormal sound indicating turbulent blood flow, often due to valve issues.

True or false: Valves open and close due to muscle contraction.

False, because valves open and close due to pressure changes in the heart chambers.

What role do the papillary muscles play?

Papillary muscles anchor the chordae tendineae, helping to stabilize valve closure.

What is the coronary circulation?

Coronary circulation supplies blood to the heart muscle itself through coronary arteries.

Fill in the blank: The _____ valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle.

The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle.

What is the function of the heart's septum?

The septum separates the left and right sides of the heart, preventing mixed blood flow.