Review: Lewis dot structures

What are Lewis dot structures?

Diagrams that show the arrangement of electrons around atoms in a molecule.

True or false: Lewis dot structures only show bonding electrons.

False, because they also depict lone pairs of electrons.

How to represent a single bond?

A single bond is shown as a pair of dots or a line between two atoms.

Difference between bonded and lone pairs

Bonded pairs are shared between atoms; lone pairs belong to one atom.

Fill in the blank: The central atom in Lewis structures is usually the ___ electronegative.

least

What does a double bond represent?

A double bond signifies two pairs of shared electrons between atoms.

True or false: Hydrogen can form more than one bond.

False, because hydrogen can only form one bond.

What is the octet rule?

Atoms tend to form bonds until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons.

Which element is usually a central atom?

Carbon is often the central atom due to its four valence electrons.

Question: How to fill valence electrons in Lewis structures?

Distribute electrons to satisfy the octet rule while pairing them.

True or false: All atoms must follow the octet rule.

False, because some elements like hydrogen and helium follow the duet rule.

What are resonance structures?

Different ways to draw a molecule where electrons are delocalized.

Fill in the blank: Molecules with an odd number of electrons are called ___ radicals.

free