Meiosis vs mitosis flashcards

What is mitosis?

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, maintaining the same chromosome number.

What is meiosis?

Meiosis is a type of cell division that produces four non-identical daughter cells, each with half the chromosome number.

True or false: Mitosis leads to genetic diversity.

False, because mitosis produces identical cells.

Difference between mitosis and meiosis.

Mitosis: 1 division, 2 cells; Meiosis: 2 divisions, 4 cells.

Fill in the blank: Mitosis is used for _______ and growth.

repair

What happens during prophase I of meiosis?

Homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through crossing over.

True or false: Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction.

True, because it produces gametes with half the chromosome number.

What is the end result of meiosis?

Four genetically diverse haploid cells (gametes) are produced.

Number of divisions in meiosis?

Two divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II.

What is a tetrad?

A tetrad consists of a pair of homologous chromosomes, each made up of two sister chromatids.

Fill in the blank: _______ occurs during anaphase of mitosis.

Sister chromatids separate.

True or false: Both meiosis and mitosis involve DNA replication.

True, both processes initiate with DNA replication in interphase.

Comparison of chromosome number: mitosis vs meiosis.

Mitosis: maintains chromosome number; Meiosis: halves chromosome number.

What is crossing over?

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I in meiosis.