Quiz: Isomers

What are isomers?

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements.

Difference between structural and stereoisomers

Structural isomers differ in connectivity; stereoisomers have the same connectivity but differ in spatial arrangement.

True or false: Isomers have different chemical properties

True, because different structures can lead to different reactivities and properties.

What is a structural isomer?

A structural isomer varies in the arrangement of atoms in the molecule.

What is a stereoisomer?

Stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the orientation of atoms in space.

Example of a geometrical isomer

Cis- and trans- isomers of 2-butene, where groups are on the same or opposite sides.

Fill in the blank: Enantiomers are a type of ______.

stereoisomer that are non-superimposable mirror images.

True or false: All isomers have identical physical properties.

False, because isomers can exhibit different boiling points, melting points, etc.

What is a chiral center?

A chiral center is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups, leading to non-superimposable isomers.

Difference between cis and trans isomers

Cis isomers have substituents on the same side; trans isomers have them on opposite sides.

What are conformers?

Conformers are different spatial orientations of a molecule due to rotation around single bonds.

Types of stereoisomers

Includes enantiomers and diastereomers, which differ in spatial arrangement.

What is structural formula?

A structural formula shows how atoms are connected in a molecule.

Example of an enantiomer

Lactic acid has two enantiomers: L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid.

Fill in the blank: The formula C4H8 can represent _______.

multiple structural isomers, including butene and cyclobutane.

Which is NOT a type of isomer?

Geometric, structural, and molecular are types; 'physical' is not an isomer type.

True or false: Isomers always have different molecular weights.

False, because isomers share the same molecular formula.

What does it mean for molecules to be achiral?

Achiral molecules can be superimposed on their mirror images.

Comparison of isomerism and polymorphism

Isomerism involves different structures; polymorphism involves different physical forms of the same compound.

What is the significance of isomers in drug design?

Isomers can have vastly different biological activities, affecting drug efficacy.

Which is a property of diastereomers?

Diastereomers are not mirror images and can have different physical properties.

What is a meso compound?

A meso compound has multiple chiral centers but is superimposable on its mirror image.

Fill in the blank: Isomerism increases the _______ of organic compounds.

diversity and complexity of chemical behavior.