Major muscles of the arm exam review

Biceps Brachii

A prominent muscle on the front of the upper arm, responsible for flexing the elbow and supinating the forearm.

Triceps Brachii

Located at the back of the upper arm, it extends the elbow and is crucial for pushing movements.

Brachialis

Located underneath the biceps, it flexes the elbow joint, playing a significant role in elbow flexion.

Coracobrachialis

A small muscle that assists in flexing and adducting the arm at the shoulder.

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A muscle that flexes and abducts the wrist, located on the anterior forearm.

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

This muscle flexes and adducts the wrist and is found on the ulnar side of the forearm.

Palmaris Longus

A muscle that helps with wrist flexion; absent in some individuals.

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Extends and abducts the wrist; located on the posterior forearm.

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

Works alongside the longus to extend and abduct the wrist.

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Extends and adducts the wrist; located on the posterior side of the forearm.

Supinator

A muscle that supinates the forearm, allowing for palm-up positions.

Pronator Teres

A muscle that pronates the forearm, turning the palm downward.

Pronator Quadratus

Located near the wrist, it assists in pronation of the forearm.

Deltoid

The large muscle forming the shoulder, responsible for arm abduction and rotation.

Infraspinatus

Part of the rotator cuff, it externally rotates the arm at the shoulder.

Teres Minor

Also part of the rotator cuff, it aids in external rotation of the arm.

Pectoralis Major

A large chest muscle that helps in flexing, adducting, and rotating the arm.

Latissimus Dorsi

A large back muscle that extends, adducts, and internally rotates the arm.

True or false: The biceps brachii has two heads.

True, because it consists of a long head and a short head.

Difference between flexors and extensors

Flexors decrease the angle at a joint, while extensors increase it.

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the major muscle responsible for elbow extension.

Triceps Brachii.