AP Gov foundational documents

What is the Declaration of Independence?

A 1776 document declaring the 13 colonies' independence from Britain, emphasizing natural rights and government by consent.

Main author of the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson, drafted the document influenced by Enlightenment ideas, particularly John Locke's theories on government.

True or false: The Constitution can be amended.

True, because Article V outlines the process for amendments, requiring a two-thirds majority in Congress.

Difference between Federalist No. 10 and No. 51

No. 10 discusses factions and their effects, while No. 51 focuses on checks and balances within government.

What is the Bill of Rights?

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing individual liberties and protecting civil rights.

Fill in the blank: The Constitution was ratified in _____.

1788.

Purpose of the Federalist Papers

To persuade states to ratify the Constitution through a series of essays, authored by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay.

True or false: The Articles of Confederation created a strong central government.

False, because it established a weak central government that lacked authority to tax or regulate trade.

What does Brutus No. 1 argue?

It argues against the Constitution, fearing a powerful central government could threaten state sovereignty and individual rights.

What is the significance of the Supremacy Clause?

Establishes that federal law takes precedence over state laws, ensuring a unified legal framework across the country.

True or false: The Preamble outlines the goals of the Constitution.

True, because it states the purposes of government, including justice, domestic tranquility, and the general welfare.

Difference between direct democracy and a republic

In direct democracy, citizens vote on laws directly; in a republic, representatives make decisions on behalf of the citizens.

Key principle of separation of powers

Divides government into three branches—legislative, executive, and judicial—to prevent any single branch from gaining too much power.

What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

Established the principle of judicial review, allowing courts to declare laws unconstitutional.

Fill in the blank: The Great Compromise created a __________ legislature.

bicameral.

What is a faction?

A group of individuals with a common interest that may conflict with the rights of others or the common good.

True or false: The Constitution was written in 1789.

True, as it was signed in 1787 and ratified in 1788, taking effect in 1789.

Main focus of the 14th Amendment

Guarantees equal protection under the law and due process for all citizens, addressing issues of civil rights.