AP Psych psychoactive drug categories study guide
Study guide for AP Psychology covering categories of psychoactive drugs and their effects, classification, and examples.
Quiz(28 questions)
1. What are psychoactive drugs primarily known for?
Terms in this Study Set(28)
Flashcards 1(14)
Define psychoactive drugs.
Substances that alter perception, mood, or behavior by affecting the brain's chemistry.
Stimulants → effects
Increased alertness, energy, euphoria, decreased appetite. Examples: caffeine, cocaine.
True or False: Depressants slow brain function.
True - They lower neurotransmission levels, causing relaxation and sedation.
Fill in the blank: __________ are known for inducing hallucinations.
Hallucinogens.
Compare caffeine and nicotine.
Both are stimulants. Caffeine primarily boosts energy; nicotine enhances focus and relaxation.
Opioids → common effects
Pain relief, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression. Examples: morphine, heroin.
What is the primary function of depressants?
To reduce neural activity and slow body functions.
Cause → Effect: Alcohol consumption →
Impaired judgment, coordination, and reaction time.
What are hallucinogens?
Substances that cause altered states of perception and consciousness. Examples include LSD and psilocybin.
Identify a common use for stimulants.
Treating ADHD, enhancing focus, and managing narcolepsy.
True or False: All psychoactive drugs are illegal.
False - Many are legal (e.g., alcohol, caffeine) and prescribed (e.g., Adderall).
What is a common effect of cannabis?
Altered senses, relaxation, increased appetite, potential anxiety.
Define the term 'tolerance'.
Decreased response to a drug after repeated use, often requiring larger doses.
List two categories of depressants.
- Alcohol - Benzodiazepines
Flashcards 2(14)
What are stimulants?
Drugs that increase neural activity and speed up bodily functions. Examples: caffeine, amphetamines.
True or False: Depressants increase heart rate.
False - Depressants reduce neural activity and slow down functions.
Fill in the blank: ________ are drugs that mimic natural neurotransmitters.
Agonists - They enhance the effects of neurotransmitters.
Compare opiates and stimulants.
Opiates: pain relief, sedation. Stimulants: increased alertness, energy.
What are hallucinogens?
Substances that cause perceptual anomalies and altered states of consciousness. Examples: LSD, psilocybin.
Cause → Effect: Using alcohol before driving.
Cause: Alcohol consumption → Effect: Impaired judgment and coordination.
What is the effect of depressants on neurotransmitters?
Depressants increase the activity of GABA and inhibit neurotransmitter release.
True or False: Nicotine is a depressant.
False - Nicotine is a stimulant that increases alertness.
What are the risks of long-term opiate use?
Tolerance, dependence, withdrawal symptoms, potential overdose.
Fill in the blank: Marijuana is classified as a ________.
Mild hallucinogen - It alters perception and mood.
What do psychoactive drugs affect?
Brain's neurotransmitter systems, influencing mood, perception, and behavior.
Cause → Effect: Chronic use of stimulants.
Cause: Stimulant abuse → Effect: Increased risk of anxiety and heart issues.
What is the role of serotonin in drug effects?
Serotonin regulates mood, and drugs affecting it can cause depression or euphoria.
Compare agonists and antagonists.
Agonists activate receptors; antagonists block them, preventing neurotransmitter action.
Questions in this Study Set(28)
1. What are psychoactive drugs primarily known for?
2. What is the primary effect of stimulants on the body?
3. Which of the following is a common effect of stimulants?
4. True or False: Depressants have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system.
5. True or False: Depressants are known to enhance neural activity.
6. Fill in the blank: Drugs that enhance the effects of neurotransmitters are known as ________.
7. Fill in the blank: __________ are substances that can cause hallucinations.
8. Which of the following best describes the effects of opiates compared to stimulants?
9. Caffeine and nicotine have which of the following in common?
10. What defines hallucinogens?
11. What is a primary use of opioids?
12. Cause → Effect: What is the likely effect of consuming alcohol before driving?
13. What is the main function of depressants?
14. How do depressants affect GABA in the brain?
15. Cause and Effect: Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to __________.
16. True or False: Nicotine is classified as a depressant.
17. Which of the following best describes hallucinogens?
18. What are the common risks associated with long-term use of opiates?
19. Which of the following is NOT a common effect of stimulants?
20. Fill in the blank: Marijuana is considered a ________ due to its mood-altering properties.
21. True or False: All psychoactive drugs are illegal substances.
22. What do psychoactive drugs primarily influence?
23. What is a common effect of cannabis?
24. Cause → Effect: What is a likely effect of chronic stimulant use?
25. Define 'tolerance' in the context of psychoactive drugs.
26. What role does serotonin play in drug effects?
27. Identify two categories of depressants.
28. Compare agonists and antagonists in terms of their effects on neurotransmitters.
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