NCLEX transmission-based precautions
Essential NCLEX study materials on transmission-based precautions, covering types, usage, and nursing actions.
Quiz(64 questions)
1. What type of precautions is used to prevent transmission through direct or indirect contact?
Terms in this Study Set(64)
Types of Precautions(16)
Contact Precautions
Prevent transmission of infectious agents through direct or indirect contact. - Use gloves and gowns - Patient in private room
Droplet Precautions
Prevent transmission of pathogens spread through respiratory droplets. - Use masks - Maintain 3 feet distance
Airborne Precautions
Prevent transmission of infectious agents spread by airborne droplet nuclei. - Use N95 respirators - Negative pressure rooms
True or False: Gloves are required for droplet precautions.
False. Gloves are not required unless contact with blood or body fluids is expected.
Fill in the blank: __________ precautions are used for infections like influenza.
Droplet.
Contact vs. Droplet Precautions
Contact: direct/indirect. Droplet: respiratory droplets. - Contact requires gowns/gloves. - Droplet requires masks.
Why are airborne precautions necessary?
To protect from infections transmitted via small particles that remain suspended in air.
Examples of diseases needing contact precautions.
- MRSA - C. difficile - VRE
Symptoms indicating droplet precautions might be needed.
- Cough - Sore throat - Sneezing
What is required for airborne precautions?
- N95 mask - Private room with negative pressure.
Cause → Effect: Direct contact with infected person.
Causes transmission of infections requiring contact precautions.
True or False: Patients with airborne infections can be in a regular room.
False. They must be in a negative pressure room.
Key personal protective equipment for contact precautions.
- Gloves - Gowns - Eye protection (if risk of splashes)
Fill in the blank: ___________ precautions are essential for tuberculosis.
Airborne.
What should a nurse do before entering a droplet precaution room?
Wear a surgical mask.
Comparison: Contact vs. Airborne Precautions
Contact: direct/indirect contact. Airborne: small particles in air. - Contact requires gloves/gowns. - Airborne requires N95.
Implementation and Safety(16)
Contact Precautions: Key nursing action?
Wear gloves and gowns; practice hand hygiene before and after patient contact.
Droplet Precautions: Safety measure?
Wear a surgical mask within 3 feet of the patient.
True or False: Airborne precautions require a regular mask.
False. Use a N95 respirator for airborne precautions.
Fill in the blank: Use __________ gloves during contact precautions.
disposable
Droplet vs. Airborne: Key difference?
Droplet: >5 microns; Airborne: <5 microns, requires negative pressure room.
What should be done after removing PPE?
Perform hand hygiene immediately.
Patient transport under precautions?
Notify receiving unit; patient wears a mask and is covered.
Cause → Effect: Improper PPE use leads to?
Increased risk of infection transmission.
What type of room is required for airborne precautions?
Negative pressure room to prevent airborne pathogens from escaping.
Contact Precautions: Example of an infection?
MRSA, C. difficile
Droplet Precautions: Typical diseases?
Influenza, pertussis, meningitis.
Nursing action for airborne precautions?
Ensure patient wears a mask when outside the room.
True or False: Hand sanitizer is sufficient for C. difficile precautions.
False. Use soap and water; alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective.
What should be kept in the patient room?
Dedicated equipment (stethoscope, thermometer) to minimize transmission.
Infection control practice: Isolation protocol?
Follow institutional policies for transmission-based precautions compliance.
Essential nursing action for all precautions?
Assess the patient frequently for any signs of infection.
Normal Values and Assessment(16)
Normal body temperature range?
97°F to 99°F. Fever is defined as >100.4°F.
Normal white blood cell count (WBC)?
4,500 to 11,000 cells/mm³. Elevated in infection.
True or False: Pulse increases with infection.
True. Increased metabolic demand raises heart rate.
Normal respiratory rate?
12 to 20 breaths per minute. Elevated in infection.
What does elevated CRP indicate?
C-reactive protein increases in response to inflammation/infection.
Normal blood pressure range?
120/80 mmHg. Infection may cause hypotension.
What is the significance of a neutrophil count?
Neutrophils >70% indicates bacterial infection.
Normal heart rate range?
60 to 100 beats per minute. Tachycardia may indicate infection.
Normal oxygen saturation level?
95% to 100%. Below 90% indicates respiratory distress.
What does a left shift in WBC mean?
Increase in immature neutrophils; indicates acute infection.
Normal platelet count?
150,000 to 450,000 platelets/mm³. Important for clotting.
Fill in the blank: A temperature above _____ indicates fever.
100.4°F.
What is the normal range for blood glucose?
70 to 100 mg/dL. Elevated in stress or infection.
What is the significance of tachypnea?
Increased respiratory rate; can indicate infection or hypoxia.
Normal urine specific gravity range?
1.005 to 1.030. High values may indicate dehydration.
What lab test indicates kidney function?
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen); normal 7 to 20 mg/dL.
Patient Education and Communication(16)
Transmission-based precautions educate patients about what?
Infection prevention, safety measures, and the importance of following protocols.
True or False: Patients can ignore precautions if they feel healthy.
False: Precautions protect both patients and healthcare workers regardless of health status.
Patient education should include information on what?
Hand hygiene, use of PPE, and how to handle shared items.
Fill in the blank: Patients should wear a _____ when in a droplet precaution room.
surgical mask.
How do you explain airborne precautions to a patient?
Explain that pathogens can remain suspended in the air and spread easily.
What is the key reason for isolation during transmission-based precautions?
To prevent the spread of infectious agents to others.
Comparison: Contact precautions vs. Droplet precautions.
Contact: Direct/indirect contact with patient. Droplet: Respiratory droplets within 3 feet.
What should patients do if they have a cough?
Cover mouth/nose, wear a mask, and inform staff immediately.
True or False: Family members are not subject to precautions.
False: Family must also follow precautions to protect themselves and others.
Effective communication regarding precautions involves what strategies?
Use clear language, confirm understanding, provide written materials.
What personal items should patients avoid sharing?
Toothbrushes, towels, and any non-disposable utensils.
Fill in the blank: Always wash hands before _____.
touching face, eating, or after using the restroom.
What is a patient’s responsibility during transmission-based precautions?
Adhere to guidelines, report symptoms, and maintain communication with staff.
How to ensure patient compliance with precautions?
Educate thoroughly, involve family, and use positive reinforcement.
Cause → Effect: Ignoring transmission-based precautions leads to?
Increased risk of infection spread and potential outbreaks.
Explain why PPE is important in patient education.
PPE protects healthcare workers and prevents cross-contamination.
Questions in this Study Set(64)
1. What type of precautions is used to prevent transmission through direct or indirect contact?
2. What is the primary nursing action when implementing contact precautions?
3. What is the normal range for adult body temperature?
4. What is the primary goal of transmission-based precautions?
5. Which personal protective equipment is NOT necessary for droplet precautions?
6. Which of the following is a key safety measure during droplet precautions?
7. What is the normal white blood cell count (WBC) range in adults?
8. Which of the following is NOT a type of transmission-based precaution?
9. In which situation would a nurse use airborne precautions?
10. True or False: Airborne precautions require a regular surgical mask.
11. True or False: An increased pulse rate can be a sign of infection.
12. If a patient is on droplet precautions, what should they wear when outside their room?
13. True or False: A negative pressure room is required for droplet precautions.
14. Fill in the blank: Use __________ gloves during contact precautions.
15. What is the normal respiratory rate for adults at rest?
16. During transmission-based precautions, what should patients do when they need to cough?
17. Which of the following diseases requires contact precautions?
18. What is the key difference between droplet and airborne precautions?
19. What does an elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level indicate?
20. True or False: Hand hygiene is only necessary for healthcare workers during transmission-based precautions.
21. What is the main reason to maintain a distance of at least 3 feet from a patient under droplet precautions?
22. What should be done immediately after removing personal protective equipment (PPE)?
23. What is the normal blood pressure range for adults?
24. Which statement best describes contact precautions?
25. Which type of mask is required for airborne precautions?
26. During patient transport under precautions, what is the correct action?
27. What percentage of neutrophils is considered normal in a WBC differential?
28. What is the consequence of ignoring transmission-based precautions?
29. Fill in the blank: __________ precautions are necessary when caring for a patient with MRSA.
30. What is the effect of improper PPE use?
31. What is the normal heart rate range for adults?
32. Which of the following is an example of airborne precautions?
33. Which of the following is NOT a symptom indicating droplet precautions might be needed?
34. What type of room is required for patients on airborne precautions?
35. What is the normal oxygen saturation level for healthy adults?
36. True or False: Family members do not need to follow the same precautions as patients.
37. In comparison, what is a key difference between contact and airborne precautions?
38. Which of the following is an example of an infection requiring contact precautions?
39. What does a left shift in WBC count indicate?
40. What should patients be educated about regarding personal items?
41. What should a nurse do before entering a room for a patient under droplet precautions?
42. Which diseases typically require droplet precautions?
43. What is the normal platelet count range in adults?
44. Fill in the blank: Always wash hands after _____ and before any contact with your face.
45. True or False: It is acceptable for patients with airborne infections to be in a regular hospital room.
46. What is a critical nursing action for patients on airborne precautions?
47. Fill in the blank: A temperature above _____ is considered a fever.
48. Which is an important strategy for effective communication regarding precautions?
49. Which equipment is specifically needed for contact precautions?
50. True or False: Hand sanitizer is sufficient for C. difficile precautions.
51. What is the normal fasting blood glucose level for adults?
52. What role does PPE play in transmission-based precautions?
53. What is the purpose of using a negative pressure room?
54. What should be kept in a patient's room on precautions to minimize transmission?
55. What does tachypnea refer to?
56. When explaining airborne precautions, you should include that pathogens can _____?
57. Fill in the blank: __________ precautions are essential for preventing the spread of infections through bodily fluids.
58. What is an infection control practice regarding isolation protocol?
59. What is the normal urine specific gravity range for adults?
60. What is one responsibility of patients during transmission-based precautions?
61. Which type of precaution is necessary for a patient diagnosed with influenza during an outbreak?
62. What is an essential nursing action for all transmission-based precautions?
63. Which lab test is most commonly used to assess kidney function?
64. Which action should a patient take to minimize the risk of infection while on contact precautions?
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