Roman Republic vs Empire for a test

What is the Roman Republic?

The Roman Republic (509–27 BC) was a period of ancient Roman civilization characterized by a system of government run by elected officials.

What is the Roman Empire?

The Roman Empire (27 BC–AD 476) marked the transition from a republic to an autocratic regime, ruled by emperors.

Major political body in the Republic?

The Senate was the main governing body, made up of elected representatives.

True or false: The Republic had a single ruler.

False, because power was shared among elected officials.

Key change in government from Republic to Empire?

Power shifted from elected senators to a single emperor.

What role did Julius Caesar play?

He was a military leader who played a critical role in the events leading to the demise of the Republic.

Difference in military structure?

Republic: legions were composed of citizen-soldiers. Empire: professional soldiers.

What was Pax Romana?

A 200-year period of relative peace and stability across the Empire, starting with Augustus.

True or false: The Empire expanded more than the Republic.

True, because the Empire saw significant territorial expansion.

Fill in the blank: Augustus was the first ____ of Rome.

Emperor, marking the start of the Roman Empire.

What were the Twelve Tables?

The earliest attempt to create a code of law in the Roman Republic, ensuring legal protection.

How was citizenship treated in the Republic?

Citizenship was limited, primarily to freeborn males in Rome.

How did citizenship change in the Empire?

Emperors granted citizenship to many provincial subjects, expanding the citizen base.

What is the role of the Tribune in the Republic?

Tribunes were elected representatives who protected the rights of the plebeians.

What caused the fall of the Republic?

Civil wars, economic instability, and the rise of powerful generals.