AP Euro European integration after 1945 key terms

What is the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC)?

Founded in 1951, ECSC aimed to integrate coal and steel production in Europe. - Founding members: Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, West Germany.

True or False: The ECSC led to the European Union.

True. The ECSC laid the groundwork for further integration, leading to the EU's formation.

What was the Treaty of Rome?

Signed in 1957, it established the European Economic Community (EEC) to promote economic integration among member states.

Fill in the blank: The ________ was formed in 1967 to unify the ECSC, EEC, and EURATOM.

European Communities (EC)

How did the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) differ from the EEC?

EFTA focused on trade liberalization among non-EEC members. - Founded in 1960. - Initially included countries like the UK, Norway, and Sweden.

What significant change did the Maastricht Treaty introduce?

Signed in 1992, it established the European Union (EU) and set the stage for the euro currency.

What is the significance of the Schengen Agreement?

Signed in 1985, it allowed for passport-free travel among participating countries, enhancing mobility within Europe.

True or False: EEC was primarily focused on military integration.

False. The EEC was primarily focused on economic integration and cooperation among member states.

Name one key goal of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).

To promote policies that improve economic and social well-being worldwide.

What is the primary function of the European Central Bank (ECB)?

To manage the euro and formulate monetary policy for the eurozone member states.

Cause → Effect: The establishment of the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1994 led to ______.

Increased market integration between EU and EFTA countries.

What organization was created to support economic development in European countries post-World War II?

The Marshall Plan, initiated by the U.S. in 1948, provided financial aid to rebuild European economies.

Treaty of Paris (1951) → What did it establish?

Established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) to unify coal and steel production among France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.

True or False: The Treaty of Rome (1957) created the European Economic Community.

True - It aimed to create a common market and promote economic integration among member states.

Single European Act (1986) → Significance?

First major revision of the Treaty of Rome, aimed at establishing a single market by 1992, enhancing political cooperation, and increasing European integration.

Fill in the blank: The Maastricht Treaty (1992) established the ______.

European Union (EU) and introduced the euro as a common currency.

Compare the Maastricht Treaty and the Treaty of Lisbon.

Maastricht established the EU and euro, while Lisbon reformed EU structures, enhancing efficiency and democratic legitimacy.

What was the purpose of the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997)?

To reform EU institutions for better decision-making and incorporate the Schengen Agreement into EU law.

Treaty of Nice (2001) → Main focus?

Reformed the EU's institutional structure to prepare for the enlargement to Eastern Europe, adjusting voting weights and increasing the number of commissioners.

What did the Treaty of Lisbon (2009) change?

It introduced a more permanent president of the European Council and enhanced the role of the European Parliament, streamlining decision-making.

True or False: The Schengen Agreement (1985) allowed free movement among member states without border checks.

True - It created a zone of free movement, significantly impacting travel and trade in Europe.

What is the significance of the Stability and Growth Pact (1997)?

It set budgetary rules for eurozone countries to ensure fiscal discipline and maintain economic stability.

Treaty of Accession → What does it refer to?

Agreements that allow new countries to join the EU, detailing conditions and requirements for membership.

Cause → Effect: The Lisbon Treaty led to ______.

Increased efficiency in EU governance and greater involvement of national parliaments in EU legislation.

What is the European Economic Community (EEC)?

Established in 1957 by the Treaty of Rome, aimed to create a common market and boost economic cooperation among member states.

True or False: The Euro was introduced in 1999.

True. The Euro became the official currency for many EU countries, facilitating trade and economic stability.

Fill in the blank: The _____ aims to promote economic integration through funding and investment.

European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) provides financial support for regional development projects.

What was the primary goal of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)?

To provide stable food prices, secure food supply, and support farmers in the EU.

Compare the EEC and the EU in terms of scope.

EEC: Focused on economic integration. EU: Broader scope including political, social, and economic policies.

What does the term 'Single Market' refer to?

An integrated market allowing free movement of goods, services, capital, and people among EU member states.

Cause → Effect: What was a major cause of the creation of the Euro?

Increased trade and economic interdependence led to the adoption of a single currency to enhance efficiency.

What is the Stability and Growth Pact?

An agreement among EU member states to coordinate fiscal policies, ensuring budgetary discipline and stability.

True or False: The Schengen Agreement allows for passport-free travel among EU nations.

True. It promotes free movement, enhancing economic interaction and tourism.

What is the purpose of the European Investment Bank (EIB)?

To finance projects that promote EU objectives, such as economic growth, job creation, and regional development.