AP Human Geo boundaries and devolution review
Review key concepts related to boundaries and devolution in AP Human Geography, including types of boundaries, processes of devolution, and real-world examples.
Quiz(36 questions)
1. What is the primary purpose of devolution?
Terms in this Study Set(36)
Types of Boundaries(16)
What is a natural boundary?
A boundary based on physical features such as rivers, mountains, or lakes.
True or False: Political boundaries are always based on natural features.
False. Political boundaries can also be artificial, created by treaties or agreements.
Define geometric boundary.
A boundary defined by latitude and longitude lines, often without regard to physical or cultural features.
What distinguishes a cultural boundary?
A boundary that coincides with cultural differences, such as language or religion.
Fill in the blank: A ____ boundary is established through legal agreements between countries.
political.
How do subsequent boundaries differ from antecedent boundaries?
Subsequent boundaries are established after settlement; antecedent boundaries predate significant human settlement.
Example of a relic boundary?
The Berlin Wall; it no longer exists but still affects social and political landscapes.
What is an example of a physical boundary?
The Rio Grande river between the United States and Mexico.
True or False: Geometric boundaries often ignore cultural differences.
True. They can create conflicts by disregarding existing cultural landscapes.
What are the main types of boundaries?
Natural, geometric, cultural, political.
Cause → Effect: What happens when boundaries are poorly defined?
Increased conflict, disputes, and potential for violence.
What is a buffer state?
A small country situated between two larger powers, aimed at preventing conflict.
Compare a de facto boundary and a de jure boundary.
De facto: established by facts; De jure: legally recognized.
What is an example of an artificial boundary?
The boundary between Canada and the US, drawn along 49°N latitude.
What role do boundaries play in geopolitics?
They define territorial control, influence relationships, and can lead to conflict.
Fill in the blank: A boundary that separates two different cultures is a ____ boundary.
cultural.
Devolution and Political Fragmentation(20)
What is devolution?
The transfer of power from a central government to regional governments. Example: The UK granting Scotland its own parliament.
True or False: Devolution always leads to independence.
False. Devolution can lead to greater autonomy without full independence, such as in Canada.
Fill in the blank: A major cause of devolution is _____ diversity.
ethnic or cultural diversity.
Example of devolution in Spain?
Catalonia seeking independence and gaining significant autonomy through its own parliament.
What are centrifugal forces?
Forces that divide a state. Examples: ethnic conflict, economic disparities, regional nationalism.
Cause → Effect: Economic disparity leads to _____
Calls for devolution by economically disadvantaged regions.
Comparison: Federal vs. Unitary government.
Federal: Power divided between central and regional. Unitary: Central government holds most power.
What is a regional autonomy movement?
Efforts by a specific region to gain more control over its governance. Example: Quebec in Canada.
True or False: All countries with ethnic diversity experience devolution.
False. Some manage diversity without devolving power.
What is Balkanization?
The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile, political units. Example: Yugoslavia in the 1990s.
Name one effect of devolution.
Increased regional governance can lead to improved local policies.
What is the impact of language on devolution?
Language differences can fuel devolutionary movements, as seen in Belgium (Flemish vs. Walloon regions).
Example of devolution in Italy?
The northern region of Lombardy seeking greater autonomy and control over regional affairs.
What role does nationalism play in devolution?
Nationalism can drive groups to seek independence or greater autonomy, as seen in Scotland and Catalonia.
Fill in the blank: Devolution can lead to _____ instability.
political or economic instability.
What is self-determination?
The right of a group to determine its own political status. Examples include independence movements.
Cause → Effect: Political repression can lead to _____
Increased calls for devolution or independence.
True or False: Devolution decreases government efficiency.
False. It can enhance efficiency by allowing local governments to address specific needs.
Example of devolution in the United States?
The establishment of state governments with significant powers, like education and transportation.
What is the significance of the term ‘secession’?
Secession refers to a region formally withdrawing from a state, often after a devolutionary process.
Questions in this Study Set(36)
1. What is the primary purpose of devolution?
2. What type of boundary is defined by physical features such as rivers or mountains?
3. True or False: Devolution can lead to both increased local governance and potential independence movements.
4. Which of the following is NOT a type of boundary recognized in political geography?
5. Fill in the blank: A significant factor that encourages devolution is _____ diversity.
6. Which boundary type is established through legal agreements?
7. Which region in Spain has actively sought devolution and independence?
8. Fill in the blank: A boundary that is drawn based on latitude and longitude is called a ____ boundary.
9. What are centrifugal forces?
10. What is the main difference between antecedent and subsequent boundaries?
11. Cause → Effect: Regional nationalism often leads to _____ requests.
12. Which of the following is an example of a relic boundary?
13. How does a federal government differ from a unitary government?
14. True or False: Geometric boundaries often take into account cultural differences.
15. What is a regional autonomy movement?
16. What is an example of a political boundary?
17. True or False: All states with ethnic diversity experience devolution.
18. What occurs when boundaries are poorly defined?
19. What does Balkanization refer to?
20. What is a buffer state?
21. Name one effect of devolution.
22. Which type of boundary often ignores existing cultural landscapes?
23. What impact do language differences have on devolution?
24. What is the distinction between a de facto and de jure boundary?
25. Example of devolution in Italy?
26. Fill in the blank: A boundary that coincides with cultural differences, such as language, is a ____ boundary.
27. What role does nationalism play in devolution?
28. Which type of boundary could lead to conflict due to cultural disregard?
29. Fill in the blank: Devolution can lead to _____ instability.
30. What is a geometric boundary?
31. What is self-determination?
32. Which of the following boundaries is typically created as a result of cultural differences?
33. Cause → Effect: Political repression can lead to _____.
34. True or False: Devolution decreases government efficiency.
35. Example of devolution in the United States?
36. What does the term ‘secession’ refer to?
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