Types of chemical reactions flashcards

What is a synthesis reaction?

A reaction where two or more substances combine to form a single product. Example: A + B → AB.

Synthesis reaction example?

Combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.

What is a decomposition reaction?

A single compound breaks down into two or more products. Example: AB → A + B.

Difference between synthesis and decomposition?

Synthesis combines elements; decomposition breaks compounds apart.

What is a single replacement reaction?

One element replaces another in a compound. Example: A + BC → AC + B.

Single replacement reaction example?

Zinc displacing copper: Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu.

What is a double replacement reaction?

Exchange of ions between two compounds. Example: AB + CD → AD + CB.

Fill in the blank: In combustion reactions, a substance reacts with ____.

Oxygen, producing heat and light. Commonly involves hydrocarbons.

Combustion reaction example?

Burning propane: C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O.

What is a redox reaction?

Reactions involving transfer of electrons, leading to oxidation and reduction.

True or false: All combustion reactions are exothermic.

True, because they release heat and light.

What is an oxidation reaction?

A reaction where an element loses electrons. Example: Fe → Fe²⁺ + 2e⁻.

What does ‘oxidation state’ mean?

The charge of an atom in a compound, indicating electron loss or gain.

Difference between oxidation and reduction?

Oxidation is loss of electrons; reduction is gain of electrons.

What is an acid-base reaction?

A reaction where an acid and a base neutralize each other, forming water and salt.

Acid-base reaction example?

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O.

What is a precipitation reaction?

Two soluble salts react to form an insoluble solid (precipitate).

Precipitation reaction example?

Mixing AgNO₃ and NaCl produces AgCl (solid) and NaNO₃.