Review: Acids bases and pH

What is an acid?

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a solution.

What is a base?

A base is a substance that accepts protons or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution.

Explain pH scale.

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 to 14.

True or false: pH of 7 is neutral.

True, because it indicates equal concentrations of H+ and OH- ions.

Difference between strong and weak acids.

Strong acids fully dissociate in solution, while weak acids partially dissociate.

Fill in the blank: The pH of lemon juice is ______.

generally around 2, indicating it is acidic.

What defines a neutral solution?

A neutral solution has a pH of 7, where H+ and OH- concentrations are equal.

True or false: Bases taste sour.

False, because bases typically have a bitter taste.

What is the formula for pH?

pH = -log[H+], where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions.

What happens to pH when you add an acid?

The pH decreases, indicating an increase in the concentration of H+ ions.

Identify a common property of bases.

Bases feel slippery and can change the color of indicators like litmus paper.

What is an indicator?

An indicator is a substance that changes color to show pH levels, like litmus.

True or false: All acids conduct electricity.

True, because they dissociate into ions in solution, allowing current to flow.