AP Chem galvanic vs electrolytic cells key terms
Key terms and concepts related to galvanic and electrolytic cells for AP Chemistry review, including definitions, functions, and examples.
Quiz(32 questions)
1. What is the primary function of a galvanic cell?
Terms in this Study Set(32)
Cell Types(16)
Galvanic cell function?
Converts chemical energy to electrical energy by spontaneous reactions.
Electrolytic cell function?
Uses electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous chemical reactions.
True or False: Galvanic cells require an external power source.
False - They generate their own power.
True or False: Electrolytic cells produce spontaneous reactions.
False - They require an external energy source.
Electrodes in galvanic cells?
Anode (negative) and cathode (positive), where oxidation and reduction occur.
Electrodes in electrolytic cells?
Anode (positive) and cathode (negative), opposite of galvanic cells.
Fill in the blank: In galvanic cells, the anode is __________.
Negative.
Fill in the blank: In electrolytic cells, the cathode is __________.
Negative.
Comparison: Galvanic vs. electrolytic cell reactions.
- Galvanic: spontaneous - Electrolytic: non-spontaneous
Cause → Effect: Increasing temperature in galvanic cell?
Increases reaction rate, potentially increasing voltage output.
Example of galvanic cell?
Daniell cell: Zn and Cu in separate solutions.
Example of electrolytic cell?
Electrolysis of water: splits H₂O into H₂ and O₂.
Standard cell potential (E°) does what?
Indicates the voltage produced by galvanic cells, positive for spontaneous.
Signs of cell potential: Galvanic vs electrolytic?
- Galvanic: E° > 0 - Electrolytic: E° < 0
Which cell type is used in batteries?
Galvanic cells.
Which cell type is used for electroplating?
Electrolytic cells.
Key Concepts(16)
Galvanic cell: spontaneous or non-spontaneous?
Spontaneous. Galvanic cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy.
Electrolytic cell: direction of electron flow?
Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, opposite to galvanic cells.
What does a salt bridge do?
Maintains charge balance by allowing ions to move between half-cells.
True or false: Electrolytic cells require an external power source.
True. They need an external source to drive the non-spontaneous reaction.
Galvanic cell components?
Anode, cathode, salt bridge, electrolyte solution.
Electrode reaction at the anode?
Oxidation occurs, losing electrons. Example: Zn → Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻.
What does standard cell potential () indicate?
The voltage produced by a galvanic cell under standard conditions.
Cause → Effect: Increasing concentration of reactants?
Increases cell voltage, drives the reaction forward.
What is the role of the cathode in an electrolytic cell?
Reduction occurs here; ions gain electrons. Example: Cu²⁺ + 2e⁻ → Cu.
Comparison: Anode in galvanic vs electrolytic cell.
Galvanic: oxidation, spontaneous. Electrolytic: oxidation, non-spontaneous.
What happens to the anode during electrolysis?
The anode dissolves as it loses electrons in oxidation reactions.
What is Faraday's law of electrolysis?
The amount of substance produced is proportional to the electric charge passed.
Fill in the blank: In galvanic cells, the cathode is _____.
positive, since it attracts cations.
What influences cell potential ()?
Concentration, temperature, and type of reactants affect cell potential.
True or false: Both cell types have a cathode.
True. Both galvanic and electrolytic cells have cathodes for reduction.
What is a common use of electrolytic cells?
Electroplating metals, such as copper plating on jewelry.
Questions in this Study Set(32)
1. What is the primary function of a galvanic cell?
2. Which type of cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy?
3. What is the primary function of an electrolytic cell?
4. In which direction do electrons flow in a galvanic cell?
5. True or False: Galvanic cells need an external power source to operate.
6. What is the purpose of the salt bridge in a galvanic cell?
7. True or False: Electrolytic cells can produce spontaneous reactions without additional energy.
8. True or False: Electrolytic cells operate spontaneously.
9. What type of electrode is found at the anode of a galvanic cell?
10. Which of the following is NOT a component of a galvanic cell?
11. What type of electrode is found at the cathode of an electrolytic cell?
12. What occurs at the anode of a galvanic cell?
13. Which statement correctly compares galvanic and electrolytic cells?
14. What does a positive standard cell potential () indicate?
15. What happens to the voltage output of a galvanic cell if the temperature increases?
16. What happens to cell voltage if the concentration of reactants increases?
17. Which of the following is a common example of a galvanic cell?
18. Which process occurs at the cathode of an electrolytic cell?
19. Which of the following is a typical example of an electrolytic cell?
20. Which statement compares anode reactions in galvanic and electrolytic cells?
21. What does standard cell potential (E°) indicate for galvanic cells?
22. What happens to the anode in electrolysis?
23. In which type of cell is the standard cell potential (E°) typically greater than zero?
24. What does Faraday's law of electrolysis state?
25. Which cell type is commonly used in batteries?
26. Fill in the blank: In galvanic cells, the cathode is _____.
27. Which cell type is primarily used for electroplating?
28. Which of the following influences cell potential ()?
29. Which of the following describes a galvanic cell's anode?
30. True or False: Both galvanic and electrolytic cells have a cathode.
31. Which of the following describes an electrolytic cell's cathode?
32. What is a common application of electrolytic cells?
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