Practice: AP Biology biodiversity

Define biodiversity.

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an area, encompassing species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity.

What is species richness?

Species richness is the number of different species present in a given area.

True or false: Biodiversity only includes species diversity.

False, because biodiversity includes genetic and ecosystem diversity as well.

Difference between endemic and invasive species.

Endemic species are native to a specific location, while invasive species are introduced and disrupt local ecosystems.

What is genetic diversity?

Genetic diversity refers to the variation of genes within a species, essential for adaptability and survival.

Fill in the blank: Biodiversity is crucial for _____.

ecosystem services, resilience, and sustainability.

Define ecosystem diversity.

Ecosystem diversity is the variety of ecosystems within a given area, influencing habitat diversity and species interactions.

Question: Why is biodiversity important?

It supports ecosystem functionality, resilience, and provides resources for humans, such as medicine.

What do biodiversity hotspots indicate?

Biodiversity hotspots are regions with high species richness that are under threat from human activities.

True or false: The loss of biodiversity impacts only local ecosystems.

False, because it can have global consequences on climate and food security.

What is a keystone species?

A keystone species has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance.

Define biophilia.

Biophilia is the inherent human inclination to affiliate with nature and other forms of life.

What factors threaten biodiversity?

Habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, invasive species, and overexploitation.

Question: What is the purpose of conservation biology?

To study and protect biodiversity through the management and restoration of habitats and species.

Difference between primary and secondary succession.

Primary succession occurs on barren surfaces, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil remains after disturbance.

What does the term 'habitat fragmentation' mean?

Habitat fragmentation refers to the process where large habitats are divided into smaller, isolated patches.

Fill in the blank: The IUCN Red List assesses the _____ of species.

conservation status.

Question: Give an example of an ecosystem service.

Pollination of crops by bees is a vital ecosystem service.

Define ecosystem resilience.

Ecosystem resilience is the ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbances and maintain functionality.

True or false: Biodiversity decreases stability in ecosystems.

False, because higher biodiversity generally increases ecosystem stability.

What is ecological niche?

An ecological niche describes how an organism fits into its environment, including its habitat and role in the ecosystem.

Question: How do invasive species alter ecosystems?

Invasive species can outcompete native species for resources, disrupting ecological balance.