Cellular respiration ATP yield flashcards
Study the key concepts of cellular respiration and ATP yield through targeted flashcards, focusing on processes, yields, and comparisons.
Quiz(32 questions)
1. What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?
Terms in this Study Set(32)
Cellular Respiration Overview(16)
What is cellular respiration?
The process by which cells convert glucose into energy (ATP) using oxygen.
List the three main stages of cellular respiration.
- Glycolysis - Krebs Cycle - Electron Transport Chain
True or False: Cellular respiration occurs only in the presence of oxygen.
False. Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen).
Where does glycolysis take place?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
Fill in the blank: The main product of glycolysis is _____
pyruvate, which can be further processed in aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
What is the Krebs Cycle also known as?
The Citric Acid Cycle, which produces electron carriers for the Electron Transport Chain.
Cause → Effect: What happens to pyruvate in aerobic conditions?
Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl-CoA, entering the Krebs Cycle to produce ATP.
Compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic: uses oxygen, produces more ATP. Anaerobic: no oxygen, produces less ATP.
What do electron carriers do?
Electron carriers like NADH and FADH₂ transport electrons to the Electron Transport Chain.
Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur?
The inner mitochondrial membrane, where ATP synthesis occurs through oxidative phosphorylation.
What is produced at the end of the Electron Transport Chain?
Water, as electrons are transferred to oxygen, completing the process of cellular respiration.
True or False: Glycolysis requires oxygen to occur.
False. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process and can occur without oxygen.
What role does oxygen play in cellular respiration?
Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain, allowing ATP production.
List the outputs of the Krebs Cycle.
- ATP - NADH - FADH₂ - CO₂
Example: Calculate total ATP yield from one glucose molecule.
Glycolysis: 2 ATP, Krebs Cycle: 2 ATP, ETC: ~28 ATP, Total: ~32 ATP.
What is fermentation?
An anaerobic process that allows glycolysis to continue by regenerating NAD+ from NADH.
ATP Production and Yield(16)
What is the ATP yield from glycolysis?
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule through substrate-level phosphorylation.
True or False: Oxidative phosphorylation produces more ATP than glycolysis.
True. Oxidative phosphorylation typically yields about 28-34 ATP per glucose.
How much ATP is produced in the Krebs cycle?
The Krebs cycle generates 2 ATP directly per glucose, along with electron carriers.
Fill in the blank: Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the _____.
Mitochondrial inner membrane.
Cause: Oxygen is present. Effect?
Aerobic respiration occurs, yielding more ATP (up to 36-38 total).
Compare ATP yield in aerobic vs anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic: 36-38 ATP; Anaerobic: 2 ATP.
What is the role of NADH in ATP production?
NADH donates electrons to the electron transport chain, leading to ATP synthesis.
How many ATP are produced from one NADH?
Each NADH can yield about 2.5 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation.
What is produced during fermentation?
Fermentation yields 2 ATP and either lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism.
True or False: Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in the Krebs cycle.
True. It directly produces ATP in both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle.
Calculate ATP yield from one glucose molecule via glycolysis and Krebs.
2 ATP (glycolysis) + 2 ATP (Krebs) + 28-34 ATP (oxidative phosphorylation) = 32-38 ATP.
What is the ATP yield during lactic acid fermentation?
Lactic acid fermentation yields 2 ATP per glucose molecule.
True or False: FADH2 yields more ATP than NADH.
False. FADH2 yields about 1.5 ATP, while NADH yields about 2.5 ATP.
What happens when there is no oxygen present?
Cells switch to anaerobic respiration, producing less ATP and accumulating byproducts.
List two processes that produce ATP in anaerobic conditions.
- Lactic acid fermentation - Alcoholic fermentation
How does the yield of ATP differ in different conditions?
In aerobic conditions, approximately 36-38 ATP are produced per glucose molecule. In anaerobic conditions, only 2 ATP are produced through glycolysis, as the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation cannot occur.
Questions in this Study Set(32)
1. What is the primary purpose of cellular respiration?
2. What is the main source of ATP production during glycolysis?
3. Which stage of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?
4. How many ATP molecules are generated from one FADH2 in oxidative phosphorylation?
5. In which part of the cell does the Krebs Cycle take place?
6. In aerobic conditions, which process contributes the most to ATP production?
7. Which statement about anaerobic respiration is true?
8. What is the total net ATP yield from one glucose molecule during glycolysis?
9. What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?
10. Which of the following processes yields ATP under anaerobic conditions?
11. Which of the following is NOT a product of the Krebs Cycle?
12. True or False: The Krebs cycle occurs in the cytoplasm.
13. What happens to pyruvate under anaerobic conditions?
14. What effect does the absence of oxygen have on cellular respiration?
15. What is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain?
16. Which process is NOT involved in aerobic respiration?
17. How many molecules of ATP are produced from one glucose molecule during cellular respiration?
18. How many ATP are produced in one cycle of the Krebs cycle?
19. Which stage of cellular respiration does not take place in the mitochondria?
20. What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
21. What is fermentation primarily used for?
22. Which of the following ATP yields is correct for fermentation?
23. Which of the following accurately describes glycolysis?
24. Which substrate-level phosphorylation occurs in the Krebs cycle?
25. Which of the following statements is true regarding energy production?
26. How many total ATP can be produced from one glucose molecule combining glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation?
27. Which of the following is a common end product of anaerobic respiration in yeast?
28. True or False: NADH and FADH2 both enter the Krebs cycle.
29. What is the significance of the proton gradient in the Electron Transport Chain?
30. What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of ATP yield?
31. Which of the following statements is true about aerobic respiration?
32. What is the primary function of ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation?
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