NCLEX fetal heart rate decelerations study guide
This study guide covers fetal heart rate decelerations, including types, normal values, nursing actions, and safety priorities essential for NCLEX preparation.
Quiz(32 Fragen)
1. What is the primary characteristic of early decelerations?
Begriffe in diesem Lernset(32)
Types of Decelerations(16)
What is a variable deceleration?
An abrupt decrease in fetal heart rate (FHR) that varies in duration and timing relative to contractions.
True or False: Early decelerations are due to cord compression.
False. Early decelerations are caused by fetal head compression.
Define late deceleration.
A gradual decrease in FHR that begins after the onset of a contraction and returns to baseline after the contraction ends.
What do variable decelerations indicate?
Possible umbilical cord compression, requiring further evaluation and intervention.
Compare early and late decelerations.
Early: head compression; Late: uteroplacental insufficiency.
Fill in the blank: Early decelerations mirror the __________.
contraction pattern.
What is a prolonged deceleration?
A decrease in FHR of 15 beats/min or more lasting longer than 2 minutes but less than 10 minutes.
True or False: Late decelerations require immediate intervention.
True. They may indicate fetal distress due to placental insufficiency.
Cause of variable decelerations?
Umbilical cord compression.
What is the normal FHR range?
Normal FHR is between 110 to 160 beats per minute.
Identify late deceleration on the monitor.
Deceleration starts after a contraction and recovers after the contraction ends.
What does a sudden drop in FHR signify?
Potential umbilical cord compression (variable deceleration).
Fill in the blank: __________ decelerations are typically benign and associated with labor progress.
Early.
True or False: Variable decelerations can be sharp and transient.
True. They often occur due to quick cord compression.
What action should be taken with late decelerations?
Change maternal position, increase IV fluids, and consider oxygen supplementation.
Variable vs. Late decelerations: which is more concerning?
Late decelerations are more concerning due to potential fetal hypoxia.
Nursing Actions and Interventions(16)
Nursing action for late decelerations?
Change maternal position to left side. Administer oxygen and increase IV fluids.
True or False: Early decelerations indicate fetal distress.
False. Early decelerations are usually benign and often related to head compression.
Nursing intervention for variable decelerations?
Reposition the mother, provide amnioinfusion if indicated, and monitor fetal heart rate.
What should be monitored continuously?
Fetal heart rate pattern and maternal vital signs.
Immediate action for prolonged deceleration?
Notify physician. Prepare for possible emergency delivery if needed.
Cause of late decelerations?
Uteroplacental insufficiency leading to inadequate fetal oxygenation.
Fill in the blank: Administer _____ for recurrent late decelerations.
terbutaline, if prescribed, to reduce uterine contractions.
Comparison: Early vs. Late Decelerations.
Early: benign, related to contractions. Late: concerning, indicate uteroplacental insufficiency.
Nursing care for fetal bradycardia?
Assess maternal positioning, administer oxygen, and prepare for potential delivery.
Signs of cord compression?
Variable decelerations, fetal heart rate variability, and maternal reports of hydramnios.
What is done if fetal heart rate drops?
Assess for maternal hypotension, reposition, and ensure IV access is patent.
True or False: All decelerations require immediate intervention.
False. Only late and prolonged decelerations typically require urgent action.
What should be documented?
Fetal heart rate patterns, maternal interventions, and responses to those interventions.
Nursing action during contractions?
Monitor fetal heart rate for decelerations and assess contraction strength and duration.
What to assess with variable decelerations?
Umbilical cord status and maternal position; may need to perform vaginal examination.
Signs of fetal distress?
Persistent decelerations, decreased variability, and abnormal fetal heart rate patterns.
Fragen in diesem Lernset(32)
1. What is the primary characteristic of early decelerations?
2. What is the primary nursing action for late decelerations in a fetal heart rate pattern?
3. Which of the following best describes variable decelerations?
4. Which of the following is true about early decelerations?
5. When do late decelerations typically occur relative to contractions?
6. What should a nurse do first for variable decelerations?
7. Which condition is most commonly associated with variable decelerations?
8. During labor, what should be monitored continuously?
9. What is the expected FHR range for a healthy fetus?
10. What is the immediate nursing action for a prolonged deceleration?
11. Which type of deceleration is considered more concerning for fetal well-being?
12. Which condition is the main cause of late decelerations?
13. What is a prolonged deceleration?
14. Fill in the blank: Administer _____ for recurrent late decelerations.
15. Which of the following indicates that late decelerations may require intervention?
16. What is the difference between early and late decelerations?
17. Fill in the blank: Variable decelerations often require ________ for resolution.
18. What nursing care is appropriate for fetal bradycardia?
19. True or False: Early decelerations typically indicate fetal distress.
20. Which of the following may indicate cord compression?
21. Which of the following describes the recovery pattern of late decelerations?
22. If a fetal heart rate drops, what should the nurse do?
23. In which situation would you most likely expect to see early decelerations?
24. True or False: All decelerations require immediate intervention.
25. Which is NOT a typical cause of variable decelerations?
26. What should be documented after assessing decelerations in fetal heart rate?
27. What nursing action is appropriate for managing late decelerations?
28. Which nursing action should be taken during contractions?
29. True or False: Variable decelerations can be sharp and transient.
30. What should be assessed with variable decelerations?
31. Which type of deceleration occurs when there is a gradual decrease in fetal heart rate that begins after the onset of a contraction?
32. Which of the following are signs of fetal distress?
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