AP Chemistry net ionic equations

What is a net ionic equation?

A chemical equation that shows only the species that participate in a reaction, excluding spectator ions.

Difference between ionic and net ionic equations.

Ionic equations show all ions, while net ionic equations only show the reacting ions.

How to write a net ionic equation?

1. Write the balanced molecular equation. 2. Split soluble compounds into ions. 3. Cancel spectator ions. 4. Write the net ionic equation.

True or false: Spectator ions participate in the reaction.

False, because spectator ions do not change during the reaction.

Example of a strong acid.

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) completely dissociates in water, producing H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions.

Fill in the blank: The net ionic equation for mixing Na₂SO₄ and BaCl₂ is ___ .

BaSO₄ (s) + 2 Na⁺ + 2 Cl⁻ → BaSO₄ (s)

What ions are formed when NaCl dissolves in water?

Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions are formed.

True or false: All precipitation reactions have a net ionic equation.

True, because they involve the formation of an insoluble product.

What is the role of water in net ionic equations?

Water is often the solvent that facilitates the dissociation of ionic compounds.

Example of a precipitate.

Barium sulfate (BaSO₄) is an insoluble precipitate formed in certain reactions.

Which ions are spectators in the reaction: Na₂CO₃ + CaCl₂?

Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are spectator ions.

Define solubility rules.

Guidelines that predict whether an ionic compound will dissolve in water.

Difference between strong and weak acids.

Strong acids fully dissociate in solution, while weak acids partially dissociate.

List three common spectator ions.

1. Na⁺ 2. K⁺ 3. NO₃⁻

What is Ksp?

The solubility product constant, which indicates the solubility of sparingly soluble salts.

True or false: Net ionic equations can be used for gas evolution reactions.

True, as they can also show gas formation in reactions.

What are the products of the reaction: HCl + NaOH?

The products are NaCl and H₂O.

Fill in the blank: In a redox reaction, oxidation involves the ___ of electrons.

loss

What ions are present in a neutralization reaction?

Typically, H⁺ ions and OH⁻ ions combine to form water.

Identify the net ionic equation for H₂SO₄ + Ba(OH)₂.

BaSO₄ (s) + 2 H₂O